Mastering the essential vocabulary for the JLPT N3 level is a crucial step toward Japanese fluency. This page provides a comprehensive N3 vocabulary list, complete with English meanings and hiragana readings. Use the interactive N3 vocab flashcards to practice active recall and ensure you're ready for the JLPT language knowledge section.
Please note that this is not a cumulative list and excludes words already covered in previous levels. To review the prerequisite vocabulary, you can access the list for JLPT N5 Vocabulary and JLPT N4 Vocabulary.
Looking for N3 Kanji? View the complete JLPT N3 Kanji List and Flashcards.
Interactive JLPT N3 Vocabulary Flashcards
These free JLPT N3 Vocabulary (単語) flashcards show you random words. Click the card to reveal the meaning and reading. Use this tool daily to build active recall before moving on to N2.
...
Meaning:
Reading:
How many words are required for JLPT N3?
Since there is no official list, sources vary on the exact count. This page features 1799 words. This list is sourced from Jonathan Waller's, which I then refined for optimal study by filling in any missing data using Jisho as an external source, followed by a final data cleanup.
Found any issues? I'd appreciate the feedback.
JLPT N3 Vocabulary Table: Meanings and Readings
A list of vocabulary words for JLPT Level N3 with their meanings and readings.
×
| Word | Meaning | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| 喜び | (a) joy, (a) delight, rapture, pleasure, gratification, rejoicing, congratulations, felicitations | よろこび |
| デモ | (abbr) demo, demonstration | |
| 金曜 | (abbr) Friday | きんよう |
| キロ | (abbr) kilo-, kilogram, kilometre, 10^3 | |
| 火曜 | (abbr) Tuesday | かよう |
| いつでも | (at) any time, always, at all times, never (neg) | |
| 貯金 | (bank) savings | ちょきん |
| 偶然 | (by) chance, unexpectedly, suddenly | ぐうぜん |
| ありがとう | (conj, exp, int) Thank you | |
| アイロン | (electric) iron | |
| おまえ | (fam) you (sing), presence (of a high personage) | |
| まあ | (female) you might say | |
| 芸術 | (fine) art, the arts | げいじゅつ |
| タオル | (hand) towel | |
| 宜しい | (hon) good, OK, all right, fine, very well, will do, may, can | よろしい |
| 下さる | (hon) to give, to confer | くださる |
| 伺う | (hon) to visit, to ask, to inquire | うかがう |
| 人生 | (human) life (i.e. conception to death) | じんせい |
| 担当 | (in) charge | たんとう |
| 正 | (logical) true, regular | せい |
| 食う | (male) (vulg) to eat | くう |
| エネルギー | (n) energy (de, Energie) | |
| ペンキ | (n) paint (nl, pek) | |
| 必ずしも | (not) always, (not) necessarily, (not) all, (not) entirely | かならずしも |
| 別に | (not) particularly, nothing | べつに |
| 破産 | (personal) bankruptcy | はさん |
| 違いない | (phrase) sure, no mistaking it, for certain | ちがいない |
| 信仰 | (religious) faith, belief, creed | しんこう |
| 科目 | (school) subject, curriculum, course | かもく |
| 飯 | (sl) meals, food | めし |
| 抱く | (sl) to embrace, to hug, to harbour, to entertain | いだく |
| 地位 | (social) position, status | ちい |
| 市場 | (the) market (as a concept) | いちば |
| スープ | (Western) soup | |
| 気味 | -like, -looking, -looked | きみ |
| 十 | 10, ten | じゅう |
| 二十 | 20 years old, 20th year | はたち |
| コピー | a (photo)copy, blurb on a book jacket | |
| ブレーキ | a brake | |
| センター | a center | |
| 或 | a certain..., some... | ある |
| 癖 | a habit (often a bad habit), peculiarity | くせ |
| 一家 | a house, a home, a family, a household | いっか |
| やや | a little, partially, somewhat, a short time, a while | |
| 縁 | a means, e.g. of living | ふち |
| 一瞬 | a moment, an instant | いっしゅん |
| 患者 | a patient | かんじゃ |
| 一種 | a species, a kind, a variety | いっしゅ |
| 腹 | abdomen, belly, stomach | はら |
| 能力 | ability, faculty | のうりょく |
| 有能 | able, capable, efficient, skill | ゆうのう |
| およそ | about, roughly, as a rule, approximately | |
| 突然 | abruptly, suddenly, unexpectedly, all at once | とつぜん |
| 欠席 | absence, non-attendance | けっせき |
| ぼんやり | absent-minded, block-head, dim, faint, vague | |
| 絶対 | absolute, unconditional, absoluteness | ぜったい |
| 吸収 | absorption, suction, attraction | きゅうしゅう |
| 豊富 | abundance, wealth, plenty, bounty | ほうふ |
| 豊か | abundant, wealthy, plentiful, rich | ゆたか |
| 悪口 | abuse, insult, slander, evil speaking | わるくち |
| よると | according to | |
| 会計 | account, finance, accountant | かいけい |
| 正確 | accurate, punctuality, exactness, authenticity, veracity | せいかく |
| 法 | Act (law, the X Act), rule, law, regulation | ほう、のり |
| 演技 | acting, performance | えんぎ |
| 活動 | action, activity | かつどう |
| 行動 | action, conduct, behaviour, mobilization | こうどう |
| 俳優 | actor, actress, player, performer | はいゆう |
| 女優 | actress | じょゆう |
| 現場 | actual spot, scene, scene of the crime | げんば |
| 加減 | addition and subtraction, allowance for | かげん |
| 感心 | admiration, Well done! | かんしん |
| 成人 | adult | せいじん |
| 前進 | advance, drive, progress | ぜんしん |
| 有利 | advantageous, better, profitable, lucrative | ゆうり |
| 広告 | advertisement | こうこく |
| 確認 | affirmation, confirmation | かくにん |
| 結局 | after all, eventually | けっきょく |
| 後 | afterwards, since then, in the future | うしろ |
| 又 | again, and | また |
| 再び | again, once more, a second time | ふたたび |
| 年代 | age, era, period, date | ねんだい |
| 年齢 | age, years | ねんれい |
| 以前 | ago, since, before, previous | いぜん |
| 農業 | agriculture | のうぎょう |
| あっ | Ah!, Oh! | |
| アルバム | album | |
| 酒 | alcohol, sake | さけ |
| 一度に | all at once | いちどに |
| 全員 | all members (unanimity), all hands, the whole crew | ぜんいん |
| 徹夜 | all night, all night vigil, sleepless night | てつや |
| そっくり | all, altogether, entirely, be just like, the splitting image of | |
| あらゆる | all, every | |
| 皆 | all, everyone, everybody | みんな |
| 全て | all, the whole, entirely, in general, wholly | すべて |
| 全 | all, whole, entire, complete, overall, pan | ぜん |
| ほぼ | almost, roughly, approximately | |
| 独り | alone, unmarried | ひとり |
| 既に | already, too late | すでに |
| やはり | also, as I thought, still, in spite of, absolutely, of course | |
| 常に | always, constantly | つねに |
| いつも | always, usually, every time, never (with neg. verb) | いつも |
| 大使 | ambassador | たいし |
| 修正 | amendment, correction, revision, modification | しゅうせい |
| 金額 | amount of money | きんがく |
| 分析 | analysis | ぶんせき |
| そして | and | |
| それと | and then, in addition to that, also, even so | |
| 注 | annotation, explanatory note | ちゅう |
| 発表 | announcement, publication | はっぴょう |
| 他人 | another person, unrelated person, outsider, stranger | たにん |
| 不安 | anxiety, uneasiness, insecurity, suspense | ふあん |
| とにかく | anyhow, at any rate, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case | |
| 少しも | anything of, not one bit | すこしも |
| 申し訳 | apology, excuse | もうしわけ |
| 食欲 | appetite (for food) | しょくよく |
| 適用 | applying | てきよう |
| 賛成 | approval, agreement, support, favour | さんせい |
| 約 | approximately, about, some | やく |
| 地方 | area, locality, district, region, the coast | ちほう |
| 地域 | area, region | ちいき |
| 議論 | argument, discussion, dispute | ぎろん |
| 軍 | army, force, troops | ぐん |
| 軍隊 | army, troops | ぐんたい |
| 香り | aroma, fragrance, scent, smell | かおり |
| 逮捕 | arrest, apprehension, capture | たいほ |
| 到着 | arrival | とうちゃく |
| 記事 | article, news story, report, account | きじ |
| 人工 | artificial, manmade, human work, human skill, artificiality | じんこう |
| 実は | as a matter of fact, by the way | じつは |
| 灰 | ash | はい |
| 様子 | aspect, state, appearance | ようす |
| 援助 | assistance, aid, support | えんじょ |
| 連想 | association (of ideas), suggestion | れんそう |
| 付き合い | association, socializing, fellowship | つきあい |
| 組合 | association, union | くみあい |
| 今にも | at any time, soon | いまにも |
| 直ちに | at once, immediately, directly, in person | ただちに |
| 当時 | at that time, in those days | とうじ |
| 精々 | at the most, at best, to the utmost, as much (far) as possible | せいぜい |
| 大気 | atmosphere | たいき |
| 雰囲気 | atmosphere (e.g. musical), mood, ambience | ふんいき |
| 攻撃 | attack, strike, offensive, criticism, censure | こうげき |
| 出席 | attendance, presence | しゅっせき |
| 態度 | attitude, manner | たいど |
| 観客 | audience, spectator(s) | かんきゃく |
| 著者 | author, writer | ちょしゃ |
| 作家 | author, writer, novelist, artist | さっか |
| サイン | autograph, sign, sine | |
| 自動 | automatic, self-motion | じどう |
| 飛行 | aviation | ひこう |
| 航空 | aviation, flying | こうくう |
| 大変 | awful, dreadful, terrible, very | たいへん |
| 独身 | bachelorhood, single, unmarried, celibate | どくしん |
| バッグ | bag, bug | |
| 袋 | bag, sack | ふくろ |
| ボール | ball, bowl | |
| 玉 | ball, sphere, coin | たま |
| 帯 | band (e.g. conduction, valence) | おび |
| 岸 | bank, coast, shore | きし |
| 地下 | basement, underground | ちか |
| 基 | basis | もと |
| 籠 | basket, cage | かご |
| 風呂 | bath | ふろ |
| 戦い | battle, fight, struggle, conflict | たたかい |
| 湾 | bay, gulf, inlet | わん |
| 恐怖 | be afraid, dread, dismay, terror | きょうふ |
| 見当 | be found, aim, estimate, guess, approx | けんとう |
| びっくり | be surprised, be amazed, be frightened, astonishment | |
| 豆 | beans, peas | まめ |
| 美人 | beautiful person (woman) | びじん |
| なぜなら | because | |
| ビール | beer | |
| 今に | before long, even now | いまに |
| やがて | before long, soon, at length | |
| 感動 | being deeply moved, excitement, impression, deep emotion | かんどう |
| 能 | being skilled in, nicely, properly | のう |
| ベルト | Belt for western clothes | |
| ベンチ | bench | |
| 一番 | best, first, number one | いちばん |
| 改善 | betterment, improvement | かいぜん |
| 誕生 | birth | たんじょう |
| 生まれ | birth, birth-place | うまれ |
| 生地 | birthplace | きじ |
| 黒板 | blackboard | こくばん |
| 毛布 | blanket | もうふ |
| 板 | board, plank | いた |
| 身 | body, main part, oneself, sword | み |
| 骨 | bone | ほね |
| 骨折 | bone fracture | こっせつ |
| 書物 | books | しょもつ |
| 図書 | books | としょ |
| 境 | border, boundary, mental state | さかい |
| 瓶 | bottle | びん |
| 底 | bottom, sole | そこ |
| そこ | bottom, sole | そこ |
| 弁当 | box lunch | べんとう |
| ボーイ | boy | |
| 少年 | boys, juveniles | しょうねん |
| 支店 | branch store (office) | してん |
| 故障 | break-down, failure, accident, out of order | こしょう |
| 胸 | breast, chest | むね |
| 呼吸 | breath, respiration | こきゅう |
| 息 | breath, tone | いき |
| 嫁 | bride, daughter-in-law | よめ |
| 放送 | broadcast, broadcasting | ほうそう |
| 泡 | bubble, foam, froth, head on beer | あわ |
| 仏 | Buddha, merciful person, Buddhist image, the dead | ほとけ |
| 弾 | bullet, shot, shell | たま |
| バン | bun, van (caravan), VAN (value-added network) | |
| 包み | bundle, package, parcel, bale | つつみ |
| 停留所 | bus or tram stop | ていりゅうじょ |
| 事務 | business, office work | じむ |
| 営業 | business, trade, management | えいぎょう |
| それでも | but (still), and yet, nevertheless, even so, notwithstanding | |
| だって | but, because, even, also, too | |
| でも | but, however | でも |
| だが | but, however, (and) yet, nevertheless, still, for all that | |
| 尻 | buttocks, bottom | しり |
| どうしても | by all means, at any cost, no matter what | |
| 何でも | by all means, everything | なんでも |
| まさか | by no means | |
| 自身 | by oneself, personally | じしん |
| 万一 | by some chance, by some possibility, if by any chance, 10E4, 1 odds | |
| ところで | by the way, even if, no matter what | |
| 大臣 | cabinet minister | だいじん |
| 勘定 | calculation, counting, consideration | かんじょう |
| 計算 | calculation, reckoning | けいさん |
| 訪問 | call, visit | ほうもん |
| 冷静 | calm, composure, coolness, serenity | れいせい |
| 穏やか | calm, gentle, quiet | おだやか |
| キャンプ | camp | |
| 缶 | can, tin | かん |
| 候補 | candidacy | こうほ |
| 都 | capital | みやこ |
| 首都 | capital city | しゅと |
| キャプテン | captain | |
| カー | car | |
| カード | card, curd | |
| 用心 | care, precaution, guarding, caution | ようじん |
| のんびり | carefree, at leisure | |
| ケース | case | |
| 現金 | cash, ready money, mercenary, self-interested | げんきん |
| 城 | castle | しろ |
| 偶々 | casually, unexpectedly, accidentally, by chance | たまたま |
| 牛 | cattle, cow | うし |
| 所為 | cause, reason, fault | せい |
| 虫歯 | cavity, tooth decay, decayed tooth, caries | むしば |
| 祝い | celebration, festival | いわい |
| 中心 | center, core, heart, pivot, emphasis, balance | ちゅうしん |
| 中央 | centre, central, center, middle | ちゅうおう |
| 世紀 | century, era | せいき |
| 是非 | certainly, without fail | ぜひ |
| 確実 | certainty, reliability, soundness | かくじつ |
| 鎖 | chain | くさり |
| 椅子 | chair | いす |
| 議長 | chairman | ぎちょう |
| では | chance of going out, opportunity (to succeed), moment of departure, beginning of work | では |
| チャンス | chance, opportunity | |
| 変更 | change, modification, alteration | へんこう |
| 両替 | change, money exchange | りょうがえ |
| 章 | chapter, section, medal | しょう |
| 性格 | character, personality | せいかく |
| 人物 | character, personality, person, man, personage, talented man | じんぶつ |
| 魅力 | charm, fascination, glamour | みりょく |
| おしゃべり | chattering, talk, idle talk | |
| 頬 | cheek (of face) | ほほ |
| チーズ | cheese | |
| 化学 | chemistry | かがく |
| 桜 | cherry blossom, cherry tree | さくら |
| 主要 | chief, main, principal, major | しゅよう |
| どう | child, servant, foolishness | |
| クリスマス | Christmas | |
| 丸 | circle, full (month), perfection, purity, suffix for ship names | まる |
| 円 | circle, money | えん |
| 回り | circumference, surroundings, circulation | まわり |
| 事情 | circumstances, consideration, conditions, situation, reasons | じじょう |
| 住民 | citizens, inhabitants, residents, population | じゅうみん |
| 都会 | city | とかい |
| 文明 | civilization, culture | ぶんめい |
| 請求 | claim, demand, application, request | せいきゅう |
| 主張 | claim, request, insistence, assertion | しゅちょう |
| 拍手 | clapping hands, applause | はくしゅ |
| 級 | class, grade, rank, school class, grade | きゅう |
| 組 | class, group, team, set | くみ |
| クラシック | classic(s) | |
| 清潔 | clean | せいけつ |
| 掃除 | cleaning, sweeping | そうじ |
| 明確 | clear up, clarify, define | めいかく |
| 利口 | clever, shrewd, bright, sharp, wise, intelligent | りこう |
| 気候 | climate | きこう |
| 親友 | close friend, buddy | しんゆう |
| 布 | cloth | ぬの |
| 切れ | cloth, piece, cut, chop | きれ |
| 衣服 | clothes | いふく |
| 曇 | cloudiness, cloudy weather, shadow | くもり |
| コーチ | coach | |
| 石炭 | coal | せきたん |
| コード | code, cord, chord | |
| 硬貨 | coin | こうか |
| 一致 | coincidence, agreement, conformity | いっち |
| 衝突 | collision, conflict | しょうとつ |
| 楽 | comfort, ease | らく |
| 命 | command, decree, life, destiny | いのち |
| 記念 | commemoration, memory | きねん |
| 委員 | committee member | いいん |
| 商品 | commodity, article of commerce, goods, stock, merchandise | しょうひん |
| 食品 | commodity, foodstuff | しょくひん |
| 常識 | common sense | じょうしき |
| 共通 | commonness, community | きょうつう |
| 通学 | commuting to school | つうがく |
| 連れ | companion, company | つれ |
| 相手 | companion, partner, company | あいて |
| 仲間 | company, fellow, colleague, associate | なかま |
| 交際 | company, friendship, association, society, acquaintance | こうさい |
| 比較 | comparison | ひかく |
| 不平 | complaint, discontent, dissatisfaction | ふへい |
| 完成 | complete, completion, perfection, accomplishment | かんせい |
| 完了 | completion, conclusion | かんりょう |
| 作曲 | composition, setting (of music) | さっきょく |
| コンピューター | computer | |
| 集中 | concentration, focusing the mind | しゅうちゅう |
| 関心 | concern, interest | かんしん |
| 結論 | conclusion | けつろん |
| 具体 | concrete, tangible, material | ぐたい |
| 状態 | condition, situation, circumstances, state | じょうたい |
| 景気 | condition, state, business (condition) | けいき |
| 条件 | conditions, terms | じょうけん |
| 信用 | confidence, dependence, credit, faith | しんよう |
| 火災 | conflagration, fire | かさい |
| 混雑 | confusion, congestion | こんざつ |
| 渋滞 | congestion (e.g. traffic), delay, stagnation | じゅうたい |
| おめでとう | Congratulations!, an auspicious occasion! | |
| 活用 | conjugation, practical use | かつよう |
| 意識 | consciousness, senses | いしき |
| ずっと | consecutively, throughout, a lot | |
| 承知 | consent, acceptance, assent, admitting | しょうち |
| 納得 | consent, assent, understanding | なっとく |
| 大した | considerable, great, important, significant, a big deal | たいした |
| かなり | considerably, fairly, quite | |
| 検討 | consideration, examination, investigation, study, scrutiny | けんとう |
| 考慮 | consideration, taking into account | こうりょ |
| 憲法 | constitution | けんぽう |
| 建築 | construction, architecture | けんちく |
| 建設 | construction, establishment | けんせつ |
| 相談 | consultation, discussion | そうだん |
| 消費 | consumption, expenditure | しょうひ |
| 大陸 | continent | たいりく |
| 契約 | contract, compact, agreement | けいやく |
| 寄付 | contribution, donation | きふ |
| 貢献 | contribution, services | こうけん |
| 管理 | control, management (e.g. of a business) | かんり |
| 論争 | controversy, dispute | ろんそう |
| 大会 | convention, tournament, mass meeting, rally | たいかい |
| 共同 | cooperation, association, collaboration, joint | きょうどう |
| 協力 | cooperation, collaboration | きょうりょく |
| 銅貨 | copper coin | どうか |
| まさに | correctly, surely | |
| 通信 | correspondence, communication, news, signal | つうしん |
| 費用 | cost, expense | ひよう |
| 綿 | cotton, padding | めん |
| 咳 | cough | せき |
| 羽 | counter for birds, counter for rabbits | はね |
| 課 | counter for chapters (of a book) | か |
| 回 | counter for occurrences | かい |
| 度 | counter for occurrences | たび |
| 全国 | country-wide, nation-wide, whole country, national | ぜんこく |
| 勇気 | courage, bravery, valour, nerve, boldness | ゆうき |
| 局 | court lady, lady in waiting | きょく |
| 従兄弟 | cousin (male) | いとこ |
| 同僚 | coworker, colleague, associate | どうりょう |
| クリーム | cream | |
| 犯罪 | crime | はんざい |
| 罪 | crime, fault, indiscretion | つみ |
| 刑事 | criminal case, (police) detective | けいじ |
| 批判 | criticism, judgement, comment | ひはん |
| 批評 | criticism, review, commentary | ひひょう |
| 横断 | crossing | おうだん |
| 人込み | crowd of people | ひとごみ |
| 粗末 | crude, rough, plain, humble | そまつ |
| 幕 | curtain, bunting, act (in play) | まく |
| 被害 | damage | ひがい |
| 損害 | damage, injury, loss | そんがい |
| しまった | Damn it! | |
| ダンス | dance | |
| 日付 | date, dating | ひづけ |
| デート | date, go on a date | |
| 少女 | daughter, young lady, virgin, maiden, little girl | しょうじょ |
| 夜明け | dawn, daybreak | よあけ |
| 明後日 | day after tomorrow | みょうごにち |
| 曜日 | day of the week | ようび |
| 日中 | daytime, broad daylight | にっちゅう |
| 夢中 | daze, (in a) trance, ecstasy, delirium, engrossment | むちゅう |
| 死亡 | death, mortality | しぼう |
| 借金 | debt, loan, liabilities | しゃっきん |
| 決定 | decision, determination | けってい |
| 真っ赤 | deep red, flushed (of face) | まっか |
| 負け | defeat, loss, losing (a game) | まけ |
| 欠陥 | defect, fault, deficiency | けっかん |
| 粗 | defect, flaw, blemish, weak point | あら |
| 程度 | degree, amount, grade, standard, of the order of (following a number) | ていど |
| 程 | degree, extent, bounds, limit | ほど |
| 微妙 | delicate, subtle | びみょう |
| うまい | delicious | うまい |
| 配達 | delivery, distribution | はいたつ |
| 需要 | demand, request | じゅよう |
| 密 | dense, thick, crowded | みつ |
| 出発 | departure | しゅっぱつ |
| 発車 | departure of a vehicle | はっしゃ |
| 砂漠 | desert | さばく |
| 願い | desire, wish, request | ねがい |
| 絶滅 | destruction, extinction | ぜつめつ |
| 決心 | determination, resolution | けっしん |
| 発展 | development, growth | はってん |
| 発達 | development, growth | はったつ |
| 悪魔 | devil, demon, evil spirit | あくま |
| 議会 | Diet, congress, parliament | ぎかい |
| 違い | difference, discrepancy | ちがい |
| 差 | difference, variation | さ |
| 困難 | difficulty, distress | こんなん |
| 遠慮 | diffidence, restraint, reserve | えんりょ |
| 真面目 | diligent, serious, honest | まじめ |
| 食卓 | dining table | しょくたく |
| 外交 | diplomacy | がいこう |
| 直接 | direct, immediate, personal, firsthand | ちょくせつ |
| 方向 | direction, course, way | ほうこう |
| 不利 | disadvantage, handicap, unfavorable, drawback | ふり |
| 失望 | disappointment, despair | しつぼう |
| 不自由 | discomfort, disability, inconvenience, destitution | ふじゆう |
| 発見 | discovery, detection, finding | はっけん |
| 慎重 | discretion, prudence | しんちょう |
| 差別 | discrimination, distinction, differentiation | さべつ |
| 混乱 | disorder, chaos, confusion, mayhem | こんらん |
| 無視 | disregard, ignore | むし |
| 不満 | dissatisfaction, displeasure, discontent, complaints, unhappiness | ふまん |
| 区別 | distinction, differentiation, classification | くべつ |
| 地区 | district, section, sector | ちく |
| 分 | dividing, part | ぶ |
| 離婚 | divorce | りこん |
| 医師 | doctor, physician | いし |
| 博士 | doctorate, PhD | はかせ |
| 主義 | doctrine, rule, principle | しゅぎ |
| 書類 | documents, official papers | しょるい |
| 下り | down-train (going away from Tokyo) | くだり |
| 居眠り | dozing, nodding off | いねむり |
| 生 | draft (beer), raw, unprocessed | せい |
| ドラマ | drama | |
| 劇 | drama, play | げき |
| ドレス | dress | |
| ドライブ | drive, trip by car, driving | |
| 正式 | due form, official, formality | せいしき |
| 埃 | dust | ほこり |
| 塵 | dust, dirt | ごみ |
| 義務 | duty, obligation, responsibility | ぎむ |
| 責任 | duty, responsibility | せきにん |
| ダイヤ | dyer, diagram, (railway) schedule, diamond | |
| それぞれ | each, every, either, respectively, severally | |
| 直 | earnestly, immediately, exactly | じき |
| 地 | earth | ち |
| 土 | earth, soil | つち |
| 容易 | easy, simple, plain | ようい |
| 軒 | eaves | けん |
| 節約 | economising, saving | せつやく |
| 効果 | effect, effectiveness, efficacy, result | こうか |
| 抵抗 | electrical resistance, resistance, opposition | ていこう |
| 電子 | electron | でんし |
| 要素 | element | ようそ |
| 象 | elephant | ぞう |
| 現れ | embodiment, materialization | あらわれ |
| 非常 | emergency, extraordinary, unusual | ひじょう |
| 感情 | emotion(s), feeling(s), sentiment | かんじょう |
| 強調 | emphasis, stress, stressed point | きょうちょう |
| 職 | employment | しょく |
| 端 | end (e.g. of street), edge, tip, margin, point | はし |
| 敵 | enemy, rival | てき |
| 活気 | energy, liveliness | かっき |
| 実施 | enforcement, enact, put into practice, carry out, operation | じっし |
| 婚約 | engagement, betrothal | こんやく |
| エンジン | engine | |
| 技師 | engineer, technician | ぎし |
| 莫大 | enormous, vast | ばくだい |
| 見舞い | enquiry, expression of sympathy, expression of concern | みまい |
| 企業 | enterprise, undertaking | きぎょう |
| 入場 | entrance, admission, entering | にゅうじょう |
| 入学 | entry to school or university, matriculation | にゅうがく |
| 記入 | entry, filling in of forms | きにゅう |
| 環境 | environment, circumstance | かんきょう |
| 等しい | equal | ひとしい |
| 平等 | equality (a), impartiality, evenness | びょうどう |
| 式 | equation, formula, ceremony | しき |
| 平均 | equilibrium, balance, average, mean | へいきん |
| 設備 | equipment, device, facilities, installation | せつび |
| 装置 | equipment, installation, apparatus | そうち |
| 誤り | error | あやまり |
| 予算 | estimate, budget | よさん |
| 等 | et cetera, etc., and the like | など |
| 永久 | eternity, perpetuity, immortality | えいきゅう |
| 永遠 | eternity, perpetuity, immortality, permanence | えいえん |
| ヨーロッパ | Europe | |
| 偶 | even number, couple, man and wife, friend | たま |
| 夕べ | evening | ゆうべ |
| 夜 | evening, night | よ |
| 事件 | event, affair, incident | じけん |
| そのうち | eventually, sooner or later, of the previously mentioned | |
| 旧 | ex- | きゅう |
| ぴったり | exactly, neatly, sharp | |
| 答案 | examination paper, examination script | とうあん |
| 交換 | exchange, interchange, reciprocity | こうかん |
| 存在 | existence, being | そんざい |
| 期待 | expectation, anticipation, hope | きたい |
| 予期 | expectation, assume will happen, forecast | よき |
| 支出 | expenditure, expenses | ししゅつ |
| 経験 | experience | けいけん |
| 実験 | experiment | じっけん |
| 解釈 | explanation, interpretation | かいしゃく |
| 爆発 | explosion, detonation, eruption | ばくはつ |
| 輸出 | export | ゆしゅつ |
| 礼 | expression of gratitude | れい |
| いただきます | expression of gratitude before meals | |
| 表現 | expression, presentation, representation (math) | ひょうげん |
| 範囲 | extent, scope, sphere, range | はんい |
| 余分 | extra, excess, surplus | よぶん |
| 随分 | extremely | ずいぶん |
| 率土 | face of the earth | そっと |
| 面 | face, mug, surface, facial features, mask, face guard, side or facet, corner, page | めん |
| 表情 | facial expression | ひょうじょう |
| 向かい | facing, opposite, across the street, other side | むかい |
| 事実 | fact, truth, reality | じじつ |
| 工場 | factory, plant, mill, workshop | こうば |
| 公平 | fairness, impartial, justice | こうへい |
| 評判 | fame, reputation, popularity, arrant | ひょうばん |
| 氏 | family name, lineage, birth | し |
| 農家 | farmer, farm family | のうか |
| 農民 | farmers, peasants | のうみん |
| 流行 | fashionable, fad, in vogue, prevailing | りゅうこう |
| 父親 | father | ちちおや |
| 欠点 | faults, defect, weakness | けってん |
| 恩 | favour, obligation, debt of gratitude | おん |
| 順調 | favourable, doing well, O.K., all right | じゅんちょう |
| 特徴 | feature, characteristic | とくちょう |
| 料金 | fee, charge, fare | りょうきん |
| 餌 | feed, bait | えさ |
| がっかり | feel disappointed, be dejected, lose heart | |
| さっぱり | feeling refreshed, feeling relieved, neat, trimmed | |
| 感じ | feeling, sense, impression | かんじ |
| 祭 | festival, feast | まつり |
| 野 | field | の |
| 畑 | field | はたけ |
| 原 | field, plain, prairie, tundra, moor, wilderness | はら |
| 分野 | field, sphere, realm, division, branch | ぶんや |
| 図 | figure (e.g. Fig 1), drawing, picture, illustration | ず |
| 姿 | figure, shape, appearance | すがた |
| 遂に | finally, at last | ついに |
| 就職 | finding employment, inauguration | しゅうしょく |
| 消防 | fire fighting, fire department | しょうぼう |
| 先ず | first (of all), to start with, about, almost, hardly (with neg. verb) | まず |
| 魚 | fish | うお |
| 釣 | fishing, angling, change (for a purchase) | つり |
| 定期 | fixed term | ていき |
| じっと | fixedly, firmly, patiently, quietly | |
| 旗 | flag | はた |
| 炎 | flame | ほのお |
| 平ら | flatness, level, smooth, calm, plain | たいら |
| 床 | floor | ゆか |
| 粉 | flour, meal, powder | こな |
| 笛 | flute, pipe | ふえ |
| 霧 | fog, mist | きり |
| 食料 | food | しょくりょう |
| 食物 | food, foodstuff | しょくもつ |
| 馬鹿 | fool, idiot, trivial matter, folly | ばか |
| 歩道 | footpath, walkway, sidewalk | ほどう |
| 来 | for (10 days), next (year) | らい |
| 勢い | force, vigor, energy, spirit | いきおい |
| 予報 | forecast, prediction | よほう |
| 額 | forehead, brow | がく |
| 海外 | foreign, abroad, overseas | かいがい |
| いつまでも | forever, for good, eternally, as long as one likes, indefinitely | |
| 運 | fortune, luck | うん |
| 基本 | foundation, basis, standard | きほん |
| 四 | four | し |
| ただ | free of charge, mere, only | |
| 唯 | free of charge, mere, sole, only, usual, common | ただ |
| 無料 | free, no charge | むりょう |
| しきりに | frequently, repeatedly, incessantly, eagerly | |
| 新鮮 | fresh | しんせん |
| 友人 | friend | ゆうじん |
| 味方 | friend, ally, supporter | みかた |
| 友 | friend, companion, pal | とも |
| 友情 | friendship, fellowship | ゆうじょう |
| 今後 | from now on, hereafter | こんご |
| 霜 | frost | しも |
| 実 | fruit, nut, seed, content, good result | み |
| たっぷり | full, in plenty, ample | |
| 機能 | function, faculty | きのう |
| 資本 | funds, capital | しほん |
| 家具 | furniture | かぐ |
| 更に | furthermore, again, after all, more and more, moreover | さらに |
| 無駄 | futility, uselessness | むだ |
| 未来 | future (life, tense) | みらい |
| ゲーム | game | |
| 競技 | game, match, contest | きょうぎ |
| うがい | gargle, rinse mouth | |
| 服装 | garments | ふくそう |
| 集まり | gathering, meeting, assembly, collection | あつまり |
| 宝石 | gem, jewel | ほうせき |
| 一般 | general, liberal, universal, ordinary, average | いっぱん |
| 本物 | genuine article | ほんもの |
| いらいら | getting nervous, irritation | |
| 要点 | gist, main point | ようてん |
| グランド | gland, grand, (electrical) ground | |
| グラス | glass, grass | |
| 球 | globe, sphere, ball | きゅう |
| 経由 | go by the way, via | けいゆ |
| ゴール | goal | |
| 変化 | goblin, ghost, apparition, bugbear | へんか |
| 神 | god | かみ |
| 行き | going | いき |
| 進学 | going on to university | しんがく |
| 金 | gold, gold general (shogi) (abbr) | かね |
| いい | good | |
| 幸運 | good luck, fortune | こううん |
| 善 | good, goodness, right, virtue | ぜん |
| よい | good, nice, pleasant, ok | |
| 政府 | government, administration | せいふ |
| 位 | grade, rank, about | くらい |
| 出身 | graduate from, come from | しゅっしん |
| 穀物 | grain, cereal, corn | こくもつ |
| 孫 | grandchild | まご |
| お祖父さん | grandfather, male senior-citizen | おじいさん |
| 墓 | grave, tomb | はか |
| 努力 | great effort, exertion, endeavour, effort | どりょく |
| 大戦 | great war, great battle | たいせん |
| 偉大 | greatness | いだい |
| 挨拶 | greeting, salutation | あいさつ |
| グループ | group | |
| 集団 | group, mass | しゅうだん |
| 成長 | growth, grow to adulthood | せいちょう |
| 保証 | guarantee, security, assurance, pledge, warranty | ほしょう |
| 銃 | gun | じゅう |
| 髪の毛 | hair (head) | かみのけ |
| 束 | handbreadth, bundle | たば |
| 柄 | handle, grip | え |
| 握手 | handshake | あくしゅ |
| ハンサム | handsome | |
| 幸い | happiness, blessedness | さいわい |
| 幸福 | happiness, blessedness | こうふく |
| 幸せ | happiness, good fortune, luck, blessing | しあわせ |
| 嬉しい | happy, glad, pleasant | うれしい |
| 収穫 | harvest, crop, ingathering | しゅうかく |
| 頭痛 | headache | ずつう |
| 健康 | health, sound, wholesome | けんこう |
| 心臓 | heart | しんぞう |
| 身長 | height (of body), stature | しんちょう |
| 背 | height, stature | せい |
| こんにちは | hello, good day (daytime greeting, id) | |
| 手伝い | help, helper, assistant | てつだい |
| 助手 | helper, helpmeet, assistant, tutor | じょしゅ |
| 盛り | helping, serving | さかり |
| 哀れ | helpless, pity, sorrow, grief | あわれ |
| 強力 | herculean strength, mountain carrier-guide | きょうりょく |
| ここ | here | ここ |
| あちこち | here and there | |
| 高価 | high price | こうか |
| 高速 | high speed, high gear | こうそく |
| 最高 | highest, supreme, the most | さいこう |
| ハイキング | hiking | |
| 丘 | hill, height, knoll, rising ground | おか |
| 邪魔 | hindrance, intrusion | じゃま |
| 腰 | hip | こし |
| 穴 | hole | あな |
| 休暇 | holiday, day off, furlough | きゅうか |
| 故郷 | home town, birthplace, old village, historic village | こきょう |
| 正直 | honesty, integrity, frankness | しょうじき |
| 御 | honourable | お |
| 希望 | hope, wish, aspiration | きぼう |
| 地平線 | horizon | ちへいせん |
| 角 | horn | すみ |
| 馬 | horse, promoted bishop (shogi) | うま |
| 入院 | hospitalization | にゅういん |
| 宅 | house, home, husband | たく |
| 主婦 | housewife, mistress | しゅふ |
| 家事 | housework, domestic chores | かじ |
| 幾つ | how many?, how old? | いくつ |
| 幾ら | how much?, how many? | いくら |
| どんなに | how, how much | |
| だけど | however | |
| ところが | however, while, even if | |
| 巨大 | huge, gigantic, enormous | きょだい |
| 人間 | human being, man, person | にんげん |
| ユーモア | humor | |
| 機嫌 | humour, temper, mood | きげん |
| 小屋 | hut, cabin, shed, (animal) pen | こや |
| ごめんなさい | I beg your pardon, excuse me | |
| アイスクリーム | ice cream | |
| 氷 | ice, hail | こおり |
| 理想 | ideal | りそう |
| 同様 | identical, equal to, same (kind), like | どうよう |
| 同一 | identity, sameness, similarity | どういつ |
| もしも | if | |
| 出来るだけ | if at all possible | できるだけ |
| できれば | if possible | |
| 想像 | imagination, guess | そうぞう |
| 直に | immediately, readily, directly | じかに |
| 実現 | implementation, materialization, realization | じつげん |
| 重視 | importance, stress, serious consideration | じゅうし |
| 重要 | important, momentous, essential, principal, major | じゅうよう |
| 輸入 | importation, import, introduction | ゆにゅう |
| 印象 | impression | いんしょう |
| 上達 | improvement, advance, progress | じょうたつ |
| 要するに | in a word, after all, the point is .., in short .. | ようするに |
| 通り | in accordance with, following, Street, Avenue | とおり |
| つまり | in short, in brief, in other words | |
| 次々 | in succession, one by one | つぎつぎ |
| 最中 | in the middle of | さいちゅう |
| 出来事 | incident, affair, happening, event | できごと |
| 収入 | income, receipts, revenue | しゅうにゅう |
| 増加 | increase, addition | ぞうか |
| ますます | increasingly, more and more | |
| 実に | indeed, truly, surely | じつに |
| 独立 | independence (e.g. Ind. Day), self-support | どくりつ |
| 個人 | individual, private person, personal, private | こじん |
| 必死 | inevitable death, desperation, frantic, inevitable result | ひっし |
| 影響 | influence, effect | えいきょう |
| 情報 | information, (military) intelligence | じょうほう |
| 案内 | information, guidance, leading | あんない |
| 材料 | ingredients, material | ざいりょう |
| 怪我 | injury (to animate object), hurt | けが |
| 害 | injury, harm, evil influence, damage | がい |
| 不正 | injustice, unfairness | ふせい |
| インク | ink | |
| 宿 | inn, lodging | やど |
| 内 | inside | うち |
| 中 | inside, middle, among | ちゅう |
| 検査 | inspection (e.g. customs, factory), examination | けんさ |
| 例 | instance, example, case | れい |
| 時刻 | instant, time, moment | じこく |
| 不足 | insufficiency, shortage, deficiency, lack, dearth | ふそく |
| 知能 | intelligence, brains | ちのう |
| 意思 | intention, purpose | いし |
| 奥 | interior, inner part | おく |
| 親しい | intimate, close (e.g. friend) | したしい |
| たまらない | intolerable, unbearable, unendurable | |
| 発明 | invention | はつめい |
| 調査 | investigation, examination, inquiry, survey | ちょうさ |
| 招待 | invitation | しょうたい |
| 鉄 | iron | てつ |
| 発行 | issue (publications) | はっこう |
| それ | it, that | |
| 日本 | Japan | にっぽん |
| ジーンズ | jeans | |
| 冗談 | jest, joke | じょうだん |
| ジェット機 | jet aeroplane | ジェットき |
| 判断 | judgement, decision | はんだん |
| ジュース | juice, soft drink, deuce | |
| 途端 | just (now, at the moment, etc.) | とたん |
| 少々 | just a minute, small quantity | しょうしょう |
| 鍵 | key | かぎ |
| 王様 | king | おうさま |
| 王 | king, ruler, sovereign, monarch | おう |
| 膝 | knee, lap | ひざ |
| ノック | knock, fungo (baseball) | |
| 詳しい | knowing very well, detailed, full, accurate | くわしい |
| 知識 | knowledge, information | ちしき |
| 明かり | lamplight, light (in general), brightness | あかり |
| 言語 | language | げんご |
| 語学 | language study | ごがく |
| 語 | language, word | ご |
| 大 | large, big, great, huge | だい |
| 昨 | last (year), yesterday | さく |
| 最終 | last, final, closing | さいしゅう |
| 近頃 | lately, recently, nowadays | ちかごろ |
| 遅刻 | lateness, late coming | ちこく |
| 笑い | laugh, laughter, smile | わらい |
| 芝生 | lawn | しばふ |
| 指導 | leadership, guidance, coaching | しどう |
| 学 | learning, scholarship, erudition, knowledge | がく |
| 最低 | least, lowest, worst | さいてい |
| 革 | leather | かわ |
| 講演 | lecture, address | こうえん |
| 左右 | left and right, influence, control, domination | さゆう |
| 縦 | length, height | たて |
| 文字 | letter (of alphabet), character | もじ |
| 免許 | license, permit, licence, certificate | めんきょ |
| 嘘 | lie, falsehood, incorrect fact, inappropriate | うそ |
| 生命 | life, existence | せいめい |
| 灯 | light | ひ |
| ライター | lighter, rider, writer | |
| 好み | liking, taste, choice | このみ |
| 限界 | limit, bound | げんかい |
| 居間 | living room (western style) | いま |
| 生き物 | living thing, animal | いきもの |
| 暮らし | living, livelihood, subsistence, circumstances | くらし |
| 貸し | loan, lending | かし |
| ロケット | locket, rocket | |
| 宿泊 | lodging | しゅくはく |
| 長期 | long time period | ちょうき |
| 世話 | looking after, help, aid, assistance | せわ |
| 損 | loss, disadvantage | そん |
| 迷子 | lost (stray) child | まいご |
| 愛 | love | あい |
| 愛情 | love, affection | あいじょう |
| 恋 | love, tender passion | こい |
| すてき | lovely, dreamy, beautiful, great | |
| 可愛らしい | lovely, sweet | かわいらしい |
| 恋人 | lover, sweetheart | こいびと |
| 昼食 | lunch, midday meal | ちゅうしょく |
| お昼 | lunch, noon | おひる |
| 贅沢 | luxury, extravagance | ぜいたく |
| 機械 | machine, mechanism | きかい |
| 拡大 | magnification, enlargement | かくだい |
| 郵便 | mail, postal service | ゆうびん |
| 主に | mainly, primarily | おもに |
| 維持 | maintenance, preservation | いじ |
| 専攻 | major subject, special study | せんこう |
| 大半 | majority, mostly, generally | たいはん |
| 化粧 | make-up (cosmetic) | けしょう |
| ママ | Mama | |
| 男の人 | man | おとこのひと |
| 経営 | management, administration | けいえい |
| 人類 | mankind, humanity | じんるい |
| 行儀 | manners | ぎょうぎ |
| 礼儀 | manners, courtesy, etiquette | れいぎ |
| 作法 | manners, etiquette, propriety | さほう |
| 労働 | manual labor, toil, work | ろうどう |
| 製造 | manufacture, production | せいぞう |
| 製品 | manufactured goods, finished goods | せいひん |
| 目標 | mark, objective, target | もくひょう |
| 印 | mark, symbol, evidence | しるし |
| マーケット | market | |
| 市 | market, fair | いち |
| 夫婦 | married couple, husband and wife | ふうふ |
| 名人 | master, expert | めいじん |
| 物質 | material, substance | ぶっしつ |
| かもしれない | may, might, perhaps, may be, possibly | |
| 食事 | meal | しょくじ |
| 訳 | meaning, reason, circumstances, can be deduced, situation | やく |
| 手段 | means, way, measure | しゅだん |
| 医療 | medical care, medical treatment | いりょう |
| 診察 | medical examination | しんさつ |
| 会合 | meeting, assembly | かいごう |
| 会 | meeting, assembly, party, association, club | かい |
| 迎え | meeting, person sent to pick up an arrival | むかえ |
| 出会い | meeting, rendezvous, encounter | であい |
| メンバー | member | |
| 議員 | member of the Diet, congress or parliament | ぎいん |
| 会員 | member, the membership | かいいん |
| メモ | memorandum | |
| 思い出 | memories, recollections, reminiscence | おもいで |
| 暗記 | memorization, learning by heart | あんき |
| 記憶 | memory, recollection, remembrance | きおく |
| 心理 | mentality | しんり |
| 単なる | mere, simple, sheer | たんなる |
| 金属 | metal | きんぞく |
| 方法 | method, manner, way, means, technique | ほうほう |
| 中学 | middle school, junior high school | ちゅうがく |
| 半ば | middle, half, semi, halfway, partly | なかば |
| 夜中 | midnight, dead of night | よなか |
| マイク | mike | |
| ミルク | milk | |
| 真似 | mimicry, imitation, behavior, pretense | まね |
| 精神 | mind, soul, heart, spirit, intention | せいしん |
| ミス | miss (mistake, error, failure), Miss | |
| 間違い | mistake | まちがい |
| 誤解 | misunderstanding | ごかい |
| 濠 | moat | ほり |
| 適度 | moderate | てきど |
| 型 | mold, model, style, shape, data-type | かた |
| 瞬間 | moment, second, instant | しゅんかん |
| 一時 | moment, time | いちじ |
| 月曜 | Monday | げつよう |
| 金融 | monetary circulation, credit situation | きんゆう |
| 金銭 | money, cash | きんせん |
| 猿 | monkey | さる |
| 年月 | months and years | としつき |
| 月 | moon, month | つき |
| 道徳 | morals | どうとく |
| 多少 | more or less, somewhat, a little, some | たしょう |
| しかも | moreover, furthermore, nevertheless, and yet | |
| 大部分 | most part, greater part, majority | だいぶぶん |
| 最も | most, extremely | もっとも |
| 母親 | mother | ははおや |
| 運動 | motion, exercise | うんどう |
| 登山 | mountain-climbing | とざん |
| 鼠 | mouse, rat, dark gray, slate color | ねずみ |
| 一層 | much more, still more, all the more | いっそう |
| 泥 | mud | どろ |
| 筋肉 | muscle, sinew | きんにく |
| 筋 | muscle, string, line | すじ |
| 博物館 | museum | はくぶつかん |
| 演奏 | musical performance | えんそう |
| いけない | must not do, bad, wrong, not good | |
| 互い | mutual, reciprocal | たがい |
| お互い | mutual, reciprocal, each other | おたがい |
| 不思議 | mystery, curiosity | ふしぎ |
| 裸 | naked, nude | はだか |
| 名 | name, reputation | な |
| 国会 | National Diet, parliament, congress | こっかい |
| 国語 | national language | こくご |
| 国境 | national or state border | こっきょう |
| 国民 | national, people, citizen | こくみん |
| 訓 | native Japanese reading of a Chinese character | くん |
| 天然 | nature, spontaneity | てんねん |
| 自然 | nature, spontaneous | しぜん |
| 針 | needle, hand (e.g. clock) | はり |
| 否定 | negation, denial, repudiation | ひてい |
| 神経 | nerve, sensitivity | しんけい |
| 巣 | nest, rookery, breeding place, beehive, cobweb | す |
| 新た | new, fresh, novel | あらた |
| 便り | news, tidings, information, correspondence, letter | たより |
| 九 | nine | きゅう |
| いいえ | no, you're welcome, not at all, don't mention it | |
| ノー | no | |
| 禁煙 | No Smoking! | きんえん |
| 否 | no, the noes | いや |
| 騒音 | noise | そうおん |
| うるさい | noisy, loud, fussy | |
| 正午 | noon, mid-day | しょうご |
| 余り | not very (used as adverb), not much | あまり |
| あんまり | not very, not much, remainder, rest | |
| 何も | nothing | なにも |
| 無 | nothing, naught, nil, zero | ぶ |
| 知らせ | notice | しらせ |
| 注目 | notice, attention, observation | ちゅうもく |
| 掲示 | notice, bulletin | けいじ |
| 今回 | now, this time, lately | こんかい |
| 現代 | nowadays, modern times, present-day | げんだい |
| 数 | number, figure | かず |
| 番 | number, rank | ばん |
| 数字 | numeral, figure | すうじ |
| 栄養 | nutrition, nourishment | えいよう |
| 熱中 | nuts!, enthusiasm, zeal, mania | ねっちゅう |
| 観察 | observation, survey | かんさつ |
| 障害 | obstacle, impediment (fault), damage | しょうがい |
| 明らか | obvious, evident, clear | あきらか |
| 職業 | occupation, business | しょくぎょう |
| 匂い | odour, scent, smell, stench | におい |
| 臭い | odour, scent, smell, stench | くさい |
| 勿論 | of course, certainly, naturally | もちろん |
| 犯人 | offender, criminal | はんにん |
| オフィス | office | |
| 係 | official, duty, person in charge | かかり |
| しばしば | often, again and again, frequently | |
| たびたび | often, repeatedly, frequently | |
| 鬼 | ogre, demon, it (i.e., in a game of tag) | おに |
| 油 | oil | あぶら |
| 石油 | oil, petroleum, kerosene | せきゆ |
| 老い | old age, old person, the old, the aged | おい |
| 年寄 | old people, the aged | としより |
| わざと | on purpose | |
| 際 | on the occasion of, circumstances | さい |
| 一方 | on the other hand, meanwhile, only, simple, in turn | いっぽう |
| 一人一人 | one by one, each, one at a time | ひとりひとり |
| 一体 | one object, one body, what on earth?, really?, generally | いったい |
| 僅か | only, merely, a little, small quantity | わずか |
| 唯一 | only, sole, unique | ゆいいつ |
| 沖 | open sea | おき |
| 操作 | operation, management, processing | そうさ |
| 運転 | operation, motion, driving | うんてん |
| 見解 | opinion, point of view | けんかい |
| 反抗 | opposition, resistance | はんこう |
| それとも | or, or else | |
| あるいは | or, possibly | |
| 命令 | order, command, decree, directive, (software) instruction | めいれい |
| 次第 | order, precedence, circumstances, immediate(ly) | しだい |
| 注文 | order, request | ちゅうもん |
| 順 | order, turn | じゅん |
| 日常 | ordinary, regular, everyday, usual | にちじょう |
| 機関 | organ, mechanism, facility, engine | きかん |
| 団体 | organization, association | だんたい |
| 構成 | organization, composition | こうせい |
| 組織 | organization, structure, construction, tissue, system | そしき |
| 始まり | origin, beginning | はじまり |
| 元 | origin, original, former | もと |
| 他 | other (esp. places and things) | た |
| 外 | other place, the rest | ほか |
| アウト | out | |
| 出 | outflow, coming (going) out, graduate (of) | で |
| 外出 | outing, going out | がいしゅつ |
| 優勝 | overall victory, championship | ゆうしょう |
| オーバー | overcoat, over | |
| 酸素 | oxygen | さんそ |
| ラケット | paddle, racket | |
| 痛み | pain, ache, sore, grief, distress | いたみ |
| 苦痛 | pain, agony | くつう |
| 苦しい | painful, difficult | くるしい |
| 辛い | painful, heart-breaking | つらい |
| 画家 | painter, artist | がか |
| 対 | pair, couple, set | たい |
| 小包 | parcel, package | こづつみ |
| 親 | parents | おや |
| 駐車 | parking (e.g. car) | ちゅうしゃ |
| 役割 | part, assigning (allotment of) parts, role, duties | やくわり |
| 参加 | participation | さんか |
| 別れ | parting, separation, farewell | わかれ |
| 党 | party (political) | とう |
| 可 | passable | か |
| 通過 | passage through, passing | つうか |
| 通行 | passage, passing | つうこう |
| 乗客 | passenger | じょうきゃく |
| パスポート | passport | |
| 菓子 | pastry | かし |
| パス | path, pass (in games) | |
| 我慢 | patience, endurance, perseverance | がまん |
| 模様 | pattern, figure, design | もよう |
| 支払 | payment | しはらい |
| 支給 | payment, allowance | しきゅう |
| 平和 | peace, harmony | へいわ |
| 独特 | peculiarity, uniqueness, characteristic | どくとく |
| パーセント | percent | |
| 勘 | perception, intuition, the sixth sense | かん |
| 完全 | perfection, completeness | かんぜん |
| ちゃんと | perfectly, properly, exactly | |
| おそらく | perhaps | |
| 多分 | perhaps, probably | たぶん |
| 期間 | period, term | きかん |
| 許可 | permission, approval | きょか |
| 者 | person | もの |
| 方々 | persons, this and that, here and there, everywhere | かたがた |
| 適切 | pertinent, appropriate, adequate, relevance | てきせつ |
| 現象 | phenomenon | げんしょう |
| 哲学 | philosophy | てつがく |
| 文句 | phrase, complaint | もんく |
| 体育 | physical education, gymnastics, athletics | たいいく |
| 物理 | physics | ぶつり |
| ピクニック | picnic | |
| 絵画 | picture | かいが |
| パイロット | pilot | |
| ピン | pin | |
| 松 | pine tree, highest (of a three-tier ranking system) | まつ |
| 管 | pipe, tube | くだ |
| パイプ | pipe, tube, channels, official or otherwise | |
| 気の毒 | pitiful, a pity | きのどく |
| 場 | place, field (physics) | ば |
| 位置 | place, situation, position, location | いち |
| 計 | plan | けい |
| プラン | plan | |
| 設計 | plan, design | せっけい |
| 計画 | plan, project, schedule, scheme, program | けいかく |
| 案 | plan, suffix meaning draft | あん |
| 植物 | plant, vegetation | しょくぶつ |
| 皿 | plate, dish | さら |
| ホーム | platform, home | |
| 芝居 | play, drama | しばい |
| 選手 | player (in game), team | せんしゅ |
| トランプ | playing cards (lit, trump) | |
| 快適 | pleasant, agreeable, comfortable | かいてき |
| 愉快 | pleasant, happy | ゆかい |
| 頂戴 | please do for me (preceded by -te), reception, being given, get | ちょうだい |
| 土地 | plot of land, lot, soil | とち |
| 梅 | plum, plum-tree, lowest (of a three-tier ranking system) | うめ |
| プラス | plus | |
| 詩 | poem, verse of poetry | し |
| 詩人 | poet | しじん |
| 鋭い | pointed, sharp | するどい |
| 毒 | poison, toxicant | どく |
| 棒 | pole, rod, stick | ぼう |
| 汚染 | pollution, contamination | おせん |
| 苦手 | poor (at), weak (in), dislike (of) | にがて |
| 貧しい | poor, needy | まずしい |
| かわいそう | poor, pitiable, pathetic | |
| 部分 | portion, section, part | ぶぶん |
| 積極的 | positive, active, proactive | せっきょくてき |
| 可能 | possible, practicable, feasible | かのう |
| 延期 | postponement, adjournment | えんき |
| 実際 | practical, actual condition, status quo | じっさい |
| 練習 | practice | れんしゅう |
| 実行 | practice, performance, execution (e.g. program), realization | じっこう |
| 訓練 | practice, training | くんれん |
| 貴重 | precious, valuable | きちょう |
| きちんと | precisely, accurately | |
| 予測 | prediction, estimation | よそく |
| 知事 | prefectural governor | ちじ |
| 県 | prefecture | けん |
| 支度 | preparation | したく |
| 準備 | preparation, arrangements, provision, reserve | じゅんび |
| 現状 | present condition, existing state, status quo | げんじょう |
| 近代 | present day | きんだい |
| 土産 | present, souvenir | みやげ |
| 現在 | present, up to now, nowadays, modern times, current | げんざい |
| 提出 | presentation, submission, filing | ていしゅつ |
| 保存 | preservation, conservation, storage, maintenance | ほぞん |
| 大統領 | president, chief executive | だいとうりょう |
| 予防 | prevention, precaution, protection against | よぼう |
| 値段 | price, cost | ねだん |
| 代金 | price, payment, cost, charge | だいきん |
| 価格 | price, value, cost | かかく |
| 物価 | prices of commodities, prices (in general) | ぶっか |
| 誇り | pride | ほこり |
| 自慢 | pride, boast | じまん |
| 得意 | pride, triumph, prosperity | とくい |
| 素 | prime | もと |
| 首相 | Prime Minister | しゅしょう |
| 王子 | prince | おうじ |
| 印刷 | printing | いんさつ |
| 賞 | prize, award | しょう |
| 上京 | proceeding to the capital (Tokyo) | じょうきょう |
| 処理 | processing, dealing with, treatment, disposition, disposal | しょり |
| 作物 | produce (e.g. agricultural), crops | さくもつ |
| 生産 | production, manufacture | せいさん |
| プロ | professional | |
| 利益 | profits, gains, (political, economic) interest | りえき |
| 進歩 | progress, development | しんぽ |
| 禁止 | prohibition, ban | きんし |
| 証明 | proof, verification | しょうめい |
| 財産 | property, fortune, assets | ざいさん |
| 提案 | proposal, proposition, suggestion | ていあん |
| マスター | proprietor, manager, barowner, master (e.g. arts, science) | |
| 諺 | proverb, maxim | ことわざ |
| 食糧 | provisions, rations | しょくりょう |
| 出版 | publication | しゅっぱん |
| 目的 | purpose, goal, aim, objective, intention | もくてき |
| 質 | quality, nature (of person) | しつ |
| 量 | quantity, amount, volume, portion (of food) | りょう |
| 喧嘩 | quarrel, (drunken) brawl, failure | けんか |
| 女王 | queen | じょおう |
| 疑問 | question, problem, doubt, guess | ぎもん |
| 問い | question, query | とい |
| 列 | queue, line, row | れつ |
| 尤も | quite right, plausible, natural, but then, although | もっとも |
| まるで | quite, entirely, completely | |
| 極 | quite, very | ごく |
| 引用 | quotation, citation | いんよう |
| 兎 | rabbit, hare, cony | うさぎ |
| 人種 | race (of people) | じんしゅ |
| 鉄道 | railroad | てつどう |
| 梅雨 | rainy season, rain during the rainy season | つゆ |
| 急速 | rapid (e.g. progress) | きゅうそく |
| 滅多に | rarely (with neg. verb), seldom | めったに |
| 率 | rate, ratio, proportion, percentage | りつ |
| 寧ろ | rather, better, instead | むしろ |
| 生物 | raw food | せいぶつ |
| 読書 | reading | どくしょ |
| 読み | reading | よみ |
| 現実 | reality | げんじつ |
| 全く | really, truly, entirely, completely | まったく |
| 承認 | recognition, acknowledgement, approval, consent, agreement | しょうにん |
| 推薦 | recommendation | すいせん |
| 記録 | record, minutes, document | きろく |
| 回復 | recovery (from illness), improvement, rehabilitation, restoration | かいふく |
| 審判 | refereeing, trial, judgement, umpire, referee | しんぱん |
| 参考 | reference, consultation | さんこう |
| 関連 | relation, connection, relevance | かんれん |
| 仲 | relation, relationship | なか |
| 親戚 | relative | しんせき |
| 信頼 | reliance, trust, confidence | しんらい |
| 救助 | relief, aid, rescue | きゅうじょ |
| 宗教 | religion | しゅうきょう |
| 残り | remnant, residue, remaining, left-over | のこり |
| 移動 | removal, migration, movement | いどう |
| 家賃 | rent | やちん |
| 修理 | repairing, mending | しゅうり |
| 報告 | report, information | ほうこく |
| レポート | report, paper | |
| 記者 | reporter | きしゃ |
| 代理 | representation, agency, proxy, deputy, agent | だいり |
| 代表 | representative, representation, delegation, type, example, model | だいひょう |
| 依頼 | request, commission, dispatch, dependence, trust | いらい |
| 要求 | request, demand, requisition | ようきゅう |
| 住宅 | resident, housing | じゅうたく |
| 覚悟 | resolution, resignation, readiness, preparedness | かくご |
| 資源 | resources | しげん |
| 尊重 | respect, esteem, regard | そんちょう |
| 尊敬 | respect, esteem, reverence, honour | そんけい |
| 敬意 | respect, honour | けいい |
| 休憩 | rest, break, recess, intermission | きゅうけい |
| 制限 | restriction, restraint, limitation | せいげん |
| 結果 | result, consequence | けっか |
| 成績 | results, record | せいせき |
| 引退 | retire | いんたい |
| 帰宅 | returning home | きたく |
| 逆 | reverse, opposite | ぎゃく |
| 田 | rice field | た |
| 稲 | rice-plant | いね |
| 大家 | rich family, distinguished family | おおや |
| 金持ち | rich man | かねもち |
| 謎 | riddle, puzzle, enigma | なぞ |
| 権利 | right, privilege | けんり |
| 輪 | ring, hoop, circle | わ |
| 冒険 | risk, venture, adventure | ぼうけん |
| 川 | river | かわ |
| 河 | river, stream | かわ |
| 道路 | road, highway | どうろ |
| 強盗 | robbery, burglary | ごうとう |
| 岩 | rock, crag | いわ |
| 屋根 | roof | やね |
| 空き | room, time to spare, emptiness | あき |
| 根 | root | ね |
| 縄 | rope, hemp | なわ |
| ざっと | roughly, in round numbers | |
| 丸い | round, circular, spherical | まるい |
| ボート | rowing boat | |
| 支配 | rule, control, direction | しはい |
| 噂 | rumour, report, gossip, common talk | うわさ |
| 金庫 | safe, vault, treasury, provider of funds | きんこ |
| 無事 | safety, peace, quietness | ぶじ |
| 給料 | salary, wages | きゅうりょう |
| 販売 | sale, selling, marketing | はんばい |
| 州 | sandbank | しゅう |
| 衛星 | satellite | えいせい |
| 満足 | satisfaction | まんぞく |
| 土曜 | Saturday | どよう |
| 鍋 | saucepan, pot | なべ |
| 場面 | scene, setting (e.g. of novel) | ばめん |
| 光景 | scene, spectacle | こうけい |
| 眺め | scene, view, prospect, outlook | ながめ |
| 風景 | scenery | ふうけい |
| 学者 | scholar | がくしゃ |
| 奨学金 | scholarship | しょうがくきん |
| 学問 | scholarship, study, learning | がくもん |
| はさみ | scissors | |
| 陽気 | season, weather, cheerfulness | ようき |
| 座席 | seat | ざせき |
| 秒 | second (60th min) | びょう |
| 秘密 | secret, secrecy | ひみつ |
| 種 | seed, material, cause, source | たね |
| 見送り | seeing one off, farewell, escort | みおくり |
| 選択 | selection, choice | せんたく |
| わがまま | selfishness, egoism, wilfulness, disobedience, whim | |
| 感覚 | sense, sensation | かんかく |
| 文 | sentence | ぶん |
| 句 | sentence | く |
| 続き | sequel, continuation | つづき |
| 連続 | serial, consecutive, continuity, continuing | れんぞく |
| 深刻 | serious | しんこく |
| 重大 | serious, important, grave, weighty | じゅうだい |
| 真剣 | seriousness, earnestness | しんけん |
| 務め | service, duty, Buddhist religious services | つとめ |
| 勤め | service, duty, business, responsibility, task, Buddhist religious services | つとめ |
| サービス | service, support system, goods or services without charge | |
| セット | set | |
| 決まり | settlement, conclusion, regulation, rule | きまり |
| 解決 | settlement, solution, resolution | かいけつ |
| 七 | seven | しち |
| 性 | sex, gender | せい |
| 影 | shade, shadow, other side | かげ |
| 陰 | shade, shadow, other side | かげ |
| 格好 | shape, form, posture, suitability | かっこう |
| 株 | share, stock, stump (of tree) | かぶ |
| 共に | sharing with, participate in | ともに |
| 船 | ship, boat, watercraft, shipping, vessel, steamship | ふね |
| 肩 | shoulder | かた |
| 方 | side | ほう |
| 脇 | side | わき |
| 側 | side, edge, third person | そば |
| 観光 | sightseeing | かんこう |
| 人気 | sign of life | にんき |
| 合図 | sign, signal | あいず |
| 署名 | signature | しょめい |
| 銀 | silver, silver coin, silver paint | ぎん |
| たとえ | simile, metaphor, allegory | |
| 単純 | simplicity | たんじゅん |
| 単に | simply, merely, only, solely | たんに |
| 同時 | simultaneous(ly), concurrent, same time, synchronous | どうじ |
| 以来 | since, henceforth | いらい |
| 歌手 | singer | かしゅ |
| 一言 | single word | ひとこと |
| 姉妹 | sisters | しまい |
| しまい | sisters | |
| 事態 | situation, present state of affairs | じたい |
| 陸 | six (used in legal documents) | りく |
| スケート | skate(s), skating | |
| スキー | skiing | |
| 器用 | skillful, handy | きよう |
| 肌 | skin | はだ |
| 皮 | skin, hide, leather, fur, pelt, bark, shell | かわ |
| 空 | sky | から |
| 睡眠 | sleep | すいみん |
| 袖 | sleeve | そで |
| 手品 | sleight of hand, conjuring trick, magic, juggling | てじな |
| ゆっくり | slowly, at ease | |
| 徐々に | slowly, little by little, gradually, steadily, quietly | じょじょに |
| 小 | smallness; small item | しょう |
| にっこり | smile sweetly, smile, grin | |
| 笑顔 | smiling face | えがお |
| 煙 | smoke, fumes | けむり |
| そう | so | そう |
| そこで | so (conj), accordingly, now, then, thereupon | |
| 言わば | so to speak | いわば |
| こんなに | so, like this, in this way | |
| だから | so, therefore | だから |
| 世の中 | society, the world, the times | よのなか |
| ソファー | sofa, couch | |
| そっと | softly, gently, quietly | |
| 硬い | solid, hard (esp. metal, stone), unpolished writing | かたい |
| 何とか | somehow, anyhow, one way or another | なんとか |
| 誰か | someone, somebody | だれか |
| 何か | something | なにか |
| いつか | sometime, someday, one day | |
| どこか | somewhere, anywhere | |
| すみません | sorry, excuse me | |
| 整理 | sorting, arrangement, adjustment, regulation | せいり |
| ぐっすり | sound asleep, fast asleep | |
| 音 | sound, note | おん |
| 物音 | sounds | ものおと |
| 間 | space, room, time, pause | ま |
| スピーチ | speech | |
| 演説 | speech, address | えんぜつ |
| 速度 | speed, velocity, rate | そくど |
| 立派 | splendid, fine, handsome, elegant, imposing, prominent, legal, legitimate | りっぱ |
| 見事 | splendid, magnificent, beautiful, admirable | みごと |
| 泉 | spring, fountain | いずみ |
| 芽 | sprout | め |
| 安定 | stability, equilibrium | あんてい |
| 舞台 | stage (theatre) | ぶたい |
| スタンド | stand | |
| 台 | stand, rack, table, support | だい |
| 立場 | standpoint, position, situation | たちば |
| スター | star | |
| 開始 | start, commencement, beginning | かいし |
| 状況 | state of affairs, situation, circumstances | じょうきょう |
| 国家 | state, country, nation | こっか |
| 滞在 | stay, sojourn | たいざい |
| 段 | step, stair, flight of steps, grade, rank, level | だん |
| 刺激 | stimulus, impetus, incentive | しげき |
| けち | stinginess, miser, miserliness | |
| お腹 | stomach | おなか |
| 胃 | stomach | い |
| 嵐 | storm, tempest | あらし |
| 真っ直ぐ | straight (ahead), direct, upright | まっすぐ |
| 直 | straight, mischief, ordinary, common | なお |
| 奇妙 | strange, queer, curious | きみょう |
| 妙 | strange, unusual | みょう |
| 異常 | strangeness, abnormality, disorder | いじょう |
| 流れ | stream, current | ながれ |
| 紐 | string, cord, pimp | ひも |
| 書斎 | study | しょさい |
| 勉強 | study, diligence, discount, reduction | べんきょう |
| 学習 | study, learning | がくしゅう |
| 留学 | studying abroad | りゅうがく |
| スタイル | style | |
| 内容 | subject, contents, matter, substance, detail, import | ないよう |
| 克服 | subjugation, conquest | こくふく |
| 成功 | success, hit | せいこう |
| 合格 | success, passing (e.g. exam), eligibility | ごうかく |
| 相続 | succession, inheritance | そうぞく |
| 急激 | sudden, precipitous, radical | きゅうげき |
| ふと | suddenly, casually, accidentally, incidentally, unexpectedly, unintentionally | |
| 自殺 | suicide | じさつ |
| 相当 | suitable, fair, tolerable, proper | そうとう |
| 合計 | sum total, total amount | ごうけい |
| 太陽 | sun, solar | たいよう |
| 日 | sun, sunshine, day | にち |
| 日曜 | Sunday | にちよう |
| 日光 | sunlight | にっこう |
| 優秀 | superiority, excellence | ゆうしゅう |
| 上等 | superiority, first class, very good | じょうとう |
| 監督 | supervision, control, superintendence | かんとく |
| 供給 | supply, provision | きょうきゅう |
| 表面 | surface, outside, face, appearance | ひょうめん |
| 手術 | surgical operation | しゅじゅつ |
| 余裕 | surplus, composure, margin, room, time, allowance, scope, rope | よゆう |
| 周囲 | surroundings, circumference, environs | しゅうい |
| 中止 | suspension, stoppage, discontinuance, interruption | ちゅうし |
| 汗 | sweat, perspiration | あせ |
| 急に | swiftly, rapidly, quickly, immediately | きゅうに |
| 泳ぎ | swimming | およぎ |
| スイッチ | switch | |
| 刀 | sword, saber, knife, engraving tool | かたな |
| 症状 | symptoms, condition | しょうじょう |
| 制度 | system, institution, organization | せいど |
| 表 | table (e.g. Tab 1), chart, list | ひょう |
| 物語 | tale, story, legend | ものがたり |
| 才能 | talent, ability | さいのう |
| 対象 | target, object (of worship, study, etc), subject (of taxation, etc) | たいしょう |
| 税 | tax | ぜい |
| 税金 | tax, duty | ぜいきん |
| 茶 | tea | ちゃ |
| 教師 | teacher (classroom) | きょうし |
| 教授 | teaching, instruction, professor | きょうじゅ |
| チーム | team | |
| 涙 | tear | なみだ |
| いたずら | tease, prank, trick, practical joke | |
| 退屈 | tedium, boredom | たいくつ |
| 気温 | temperature | きおん |
| 温度 | temperature | おんど |
| 体温 | temperature (body) | たいおん |
| 傾向 | tendency, trend, inclination | けいこう |
| 緊張 | tension, mental strain, nervousness | きんちょう |
| テント | tent | |
| 学期 | term (school) | がっき |
| 恐ろしい | terrible, dreadful | おそろしい |
| すごい | terrible, dreadful, terrific, amazing, great | |
| 教科書 | text book | きょうかしょ |
| 感謝 | thanks, gratitude | かんしゃ |
| すなわち | that is, namely, i.e. | |
| 老人 | the aged, old person | ろうじん |
| 身体 | the body | しんたい |
| 地球 | the earth | ちきゅう |
| 終 | the end | おわり |
| 末 | the end of, powder | すえ |
| 前者 | the former | ぜんしゃ |
| 後者 | the latter | こうしゃ |
| 先日 | the other day, a few days ago | せんじつ |
| 過去 | the past, bygone days, the previous | かこ |
| 本人 | the person himself | ほんにん |
| いわゆる | the so-called, so to speak | |
| その | the, that | その |
| 劇場 | theatre, playhouse | げきじょう |
| 説 | theory | せつ |
| ですから | therefore | |
| したがって | therefore, consequently, in accordance with | したがって |
| すると | thereupon, hereupon | すると |
| これら | these | |
| 論文 | thesis, essay, treatise, paper | ろんぶん |
| 彼等 | they (usually male) | かれら |
| 濃い | thick (as of color, liquid), dense, strong | こい |
| 品 | thing, article, goods, dignity, article (goods), counter for meal courses | しな |
| 事 | thing, matter, fact, circumstances | こと |
| 物事 | things, everything | ものごと |
| 考え | thinking, thought, ideas, intention | かんがえ |
| この | this | この |
| 徹底 | thoroughness, completeness | てってい |
| 思想 | thought, idea | しそう |
| 喉 | throat | のど |
| 雷 | thunder | かみなり |
| 木曜 | Thursday | もくよう |
| 券 | ticket, coupon, bond, certificate | けん |
| 虎 | tiger | とら |
| きつい | tight, close, intense | |
| 頃 | time, about, toward, approximately (time) | ころ |
| 時 | time, hour, occasion, moment | とき |
| 手間 | time, labour | てま |
| 時期 | time, season, period | じき |
| 疲れ | tiredness, fatigue | つかれ |
| 題 | title, subject, theme, topic | だい |
| 減らす | to abate, to decrease, to diminish, to shorten | へらす |
| 従う | to abide (by the rules), to obey, to follow, to accompany | したがう |
| 進める | to advance, to promote, to hasten | すすめる |
| 現れる | to appear, to come in sight, to become visible, to express oneself | あらわれる |
| 加える | to append, to sum up, to add (up) | くわえる |
| 申し込む | to apply for, to make an application | もうしこむ |
| 論じる | to argue, to discuss, to debate | ろんじる |
| 昇る | to arise, to ascend, to go up | のぼる |
| 確かめる | to ascertain | たしかめる |
| 付ける | to attach, to join, to add, to append | つける |
| 撃つ | to attack, to defeat, to destroy | うつ |
| 試す | to attempt, to test | ためす |
| 避ける | to avoid (physical contact ), to ward off, to avert | さける |
| 覚ます | to awaken | さます |
| 吠える | to bark, to bay, to howl, to bellow, to roar, to cry | ほえる |
| 浴びる | to bathe, to bask in the sun, to shower | あびる |
| 居る | to be (animate), to be, to exist | おる |
| できる | to be able to, to be ready, to occur | |
| 支える | to be blocked, to choke, to be obstructed | ささえる |
| 捕まる | to be caught, to be arrested | つかまる |
| 溺れる | to be drowned, to indulge in | おぼれる |
| 効く | to be effective | きく |
| 済ませる | to be finished | すませる |
| 満ちる | to be full, to rise (tide), to mature, to expire | みちる |
| 基づく | to be grounded on, to be based on, to be due to, to originate from | もとづく |
| 当たる | to be hit, to be successful, to be equivalent to | あたる |
| 怠ける | to be idle, to neglect | なまける |
| 欠ける | to be lacking | かける |
| 気に入る | to be pleased with, to suit | きにいる |
| 悲しむ | to be sad, to mourn for, to regret | かなしむ |
| 離れる | to be separated from, to leave, to go away, to be a long way off | はなれる |
| 黙る | to be silent | だまる |
| 売れる | to be sold | うれる |
| 悩む | to be worried, to be troubled | なやむ |
| 有る | to be, to have | ある |
| 成る | to become | なる |
| 信じる | to believe, to place trust in | しんじる |
| 裏切る | to betray, to turn traitor to, to double-cross | うらぎる |
| 吐く | to breathe, to tell (lies), to vomit, to disgorge | はく |
| 燃える | to burn | もえる |
| 止す | to cease, to abolish, to resign, to give up | よす |
| 為る | to change, to be of use, to reach to | する |
| 追う | to chase, to run after | おう |
| 閉じる | to close (e.g. book, eyes), to shut | とじる |
| 取れる | to come off, to be taken off, to be removed | とれる |
| 抜ける | to come out, to fall out, to be omitted | ぬける |
| 解ける | to come untied, to come apart | とける |
| 至る | to come, to arrive | いたる |
| 占める | to comprise, to account for, to make up (of), to hold, to occupy | しめる |
| 関する | to concern, to be related | かんする |
| 責める | to condemn, to blame, to criticize | せめる |
| 祝う | to congratulate, to celebrate | いわう |
| 数える | to count | かぞえる |
| 覆う | to cover, to hide, to conceal, to wrap, to disguise | おおう |
| 横切る | to cross (e.g. arms), to traverse | よこぎる |
| 刈る | to cut (hair), to mow (grass), to harvest | かる |
| 切れる | to cut well, to be sharp, to break (off) | きれる |
| 明ける | to dawn, to become daylight | あける |
| 減る | to decrease (in size or number), to diminish, to abate | へる |
| 防ぐ | to defend (against), to protect, to prevent | ふせぐ |
| 示す | to denote, to show, to point out, to indicate | しめす |
| 望む | to desire, to wish for, to see, to command (a view of) | のぞむ |
| 願う | to desire, to wish, to request | ねがう |
| 異なる | to differ, to vary, to disagree | ことなる |
| 話し合う | to discuss, to talk together | はなしあう |
| 割る | to divide, to cut, to break, to halve | わる |
| 分ける | to divide, to separate | わける |
| 疑う | to doubt, to distrust, to be suspicious of, to suspect | うたがう |
| 流す | to drain, to float, to shed (blood, tears), to cruise (e.g. taxi) | ながす |
| 描く | to draw, to paint, to sketch, to depict, to describe | えがく |
| 稼ぐ | to earn income, to labor | かせぐ |
| 雇う | to employ, to hire | やとう |
| 任せる | to entrust to another, to leave to | まかせる |
| 越える | to exceed, to cross over, to cross | こえる |
| 換える | to exchange, to interchange, to substitute, to replace | かえる |
| 替える | to exchange, to interchange, to substitute, to replace | かえる |
| 及ぼす | to exert, to cause, to exercise | およぼす |
| 表す | to express, to show, to reveal | あらわす |
| 抜く | to extract, to omit, to surpass, to draw out, to unplug | ぬく |
| 向く | to face | むく |
| 対する | to face, to confront, to oppose | たいする |
| 劣る | to fall behind, to be inferior to | おとる |
| 転ぶ | to fall down, to fall over | ころぶ |
| 留める | to fasten, to turn off, to detain | とめる |
| 恐れる | to fear, to be afraid of | おそれる |
| 感じる | to feel, to sense, to experience | かんじる |
| 戦う | to fight, to battle, to combat | たたかう |
| 終える | to finish | おえる |
| しまう | to finish, to close, to do something completely | |
| 適する | to fit, to suit | てきする |
| 凍る | to freeze, to be frozen over, to congeal | こおる |
| 備える | to furnish, to provide for, to equip, to install | そなえる |
| 酔う | to get drunk, to become intoxicated | よう |
| 飽きる | to get tired of, to lose interest in, to have enough | あきる |
| 濡れる | to get wet | ぬれる |
| 得る | to get, to gain, to win | える |
| 預ける | to give into custody, to entrust, to deposit | あずける |
| 諦める | to give up, to abandon | あきらめる |
| 与える | to give, to present, to award | あたえる |
| 逆らう | to go against, to oppose, to disobey, to defy | さからう |
| 狂う | to go mad, to get out of order | くるう |
| 越す | to go over (e.g. with audience) | こす |
| 握る | to grasp, to seize, to mould sushi | にぎる |
| 唸る | to groan, to moan | うなる |
| 扱う | to handle, to deal with, to treat | あつかう |
| 嫌う | to hate, to dislike, to loathe | きらう |
| 助ける | to help, to save, to rescue | たすける |
| 隠れる | to hide, to be hidden, to conceal oneself, to disappear | かくれる |
| 隠す | to hide, to conceal | かくす |
| 当てる | to hit, to apply a patch | あてる |
| 打つ | to hit, to strike | ぶつ |
| 含む | to hold in the mouth, to bear in mind | ふくむ |
| 抱える | to hold or carry under or in the arms | かかえる |
| 増す | to increase, to grow | ます |
| 招く | to invite | まねく |
| 誘う | to invite, to ask, to tempt, to lure, to induce | さそう |
| 加わる | to join in, to accede to, to increase, to gain in (influence) | くわわる |
| 合わせる | to join together, to be opposite, to face, to unite | あわせる |
| 飛び出す | to jump out, to rush out, to fly out | とびだす |
| 飼う | to keep, to raise, to feed | かう |
| 殺す | to kill | ころす |
| 残す | to leave (behind, over), to bequeath, to save, to reserve | のこす |
| 去る | to leave, to go away | さる |
| 伸ばす | to lengthen, to stretch, to reach out, to grow (beard) | のばす |
| 通す | to let pass, to overlook, to continue | とおす |
| 好む | to like, to prefer | このむ |
| 暮らす | to live, to get along | くらす |
| 失う | to lose, to part with | うしなう |
| 愛する | to love | あいする |
| 下す | to lower, to let go down | おろす |
| 計る | to measure, to weigh, to survey | はかる |
| お目に掛かる | to meet (someone of higher status), to be recognized (esp. by someone of higher status), to be visible, to be seen, to be noticed | おめにかかる |
| 出会う | to meet by chance, to come across, to happen to encounter | であう |
| 構う | to mind, to care about, to be concerned about | かまう |
| 動かす | to move, to shift | うごかす |
| 気付く | to notice, to recognize, to become aware of | きづく |
| 収める | to obtain, to reap, to pay, to supply, to accept | おさめる |
| 起こる | to occur, to happen | おこる |
| 省く | to omit, to eliminate, to curtail, to economize | はぶく |
| 空く | to open, to become empty, to be less crowded | すく |
| 命じる | to order, to command, to appoint | めいじる |
| 追い付く | to overtake, to catch up (with) | おいつく |
| 詰める | to pack, to shorten, to work out (details) | つめる |
| 離す | to part, divide, separate | はなす |
| 経つ | to pass, to lapse | たつ |
| 通り過ぎる | to pass, to pass through | とおりすぎる |
| 過ごす | to pass, to spend, to go through, to tide over | すごす |
| 支払う | to pay | しはらう |
| 許す | to permit, to allow, to approve | ゆるす |
| 積もる | to pile up | つもる |
| 乗せる | to place on (something), to take on board, to give a ride | のせる |
| 指す | to point, to put up umbrella, to play | さす |
| 注ぐ | to pour (into), to irrigate, to pay, to fill, to feed (e.g. a fire) | そそぐ |
| 褒める | to praise, to admire, to speak well | ほめる |
| 生じる | to produce, to yield, to result from, to arise, to be generated | しょうじる |
| 守る | to protect, to obey, to guard, to abide (by the rules) | まもる |
| 引っ張る | to pull, to draw, to stretch, to drag, to pull the ball (baseball) | ひっぱる |
| 罰する | to punish, to penalize | ばっする |
| 組む | to put together | くむ |
| 育つ | to raise (child), to be brought up, to grow (up) | そだつ |
| 持ち上げる | to raise, to lift up, to flatter | もちあげる |
| 届く | to reach | とどく |
| 達する | to reach, to get to | たっする |
| 貰う | to receive | もらう |
| 受け取る | to receive, to get, to accept, to take | うけとる |
| 頂く | to receive, to take food or drink (hum) | いただく |
| 認める | to recognize, to appreciate, to approve, to admit, to notice | みとめる |
| 勧める | to recommend, to advise, to encourage, to offer (wine) | すすめる |
| 断る | to refuse, to decline, to dismiss | ことわる |
| 頼る | to rely on, to have recourse to, to depend on | たよる |
| 除く | to remove, to exclude, to except | のぞく |
| 移す | to remove, to transfer, to infect | うつす |
| 繰り返す | to repeat, to do something over again | くりかえす |
| 救う | to rescue from, to help out of | すくう |
| 応じる | to respond, to satisfy, to accept, to comply with, to apply for | おうじる |
| 戻す | to restore, to put back, to return | もどす |
| 限る | to restrict, to limit, to confine | かぎる |
| 辞める | to retire | やめる |
| 腐る | to rot, to go bad | くさる |
| 轢く | to run somebody over (with vehicle), to knock someone down | ひく |
| 通じる | to run to, to lead to, to communicate, to understand | つうじる |
| 言う | to say | ゆう |
| 叱る | to scold | しかる |
| 見る | to see, to watch | みる |
| 求める | to seek, to request, to demand, to want, to wish for, to search for, to pursue (pleasure), to hunt (a job) | もとめる |
| 掴む | to seize, to catch, to grasp | つかむ |
| 贈る | to send, to give to, to award to, to confer on | おくる |
| 放す | to separate, to set free | はなす |
| 就く | to settle in (place), to take (seat, position), to study (under teacher) | つく |
| 輝く | to shine, to glitter, to sparkle | かがやく |
| 震える | to shiver, to shake, to quake | ふるえる |
| 叫ぶ | to shout, to cry | さけぶ |
| 現す | to show, to indicate, to display | あらわす |
| 沈む | to sink, to feel depressed | しずむ |
| 飛ばす | to skip over, to omit | とばす |
| 微笑む | to smile | ほほえむ |
| 奪う | to snatch away | うばう |
| 広がる | to spread (out), to extend, to stretch, to reach to, to get around | ひろがる |
| 立ち上がる | to stand up | たちあがる |
| 述べる | to state, to express, to mention | のべる |
| 張る | to stick, to paste | はる |
| 流れる | to stream, to flow, to run (ink), to be washed away | ながれる |
| 伸びる | to stretch, to extend, to make progress, to grow (beard, body height) | のびる |
| 叩く | to strike, to clap, to dust, to beat | たたく |
| 学ぶ | to study (in depth), to learn, to take lessons in | まなぶ |
| 訴える | to sue (a person), to resort to, to appeal to | うったえる |
| 被る | to suffer | かぶる |
| 罹る | to suffer from | かかる |
| 苦しむ | to suffer, to groan, to be worried | くるしむ |
| 似合う | to suit, to match, to become, to be like | にあう |
| 優れる | to surpass, to outstrip, to excel | すぐれる |
| 囲む | to surround, to encircle | かこむ |
| 掛かる | to take (e.g. time, money, etc), to hang | かかる |
| 降ろす | to take down, to launch, to drop | おろす |
| 取り上げる | to take up, to pick up, to disqualify, to confiscate, to deprive | とりあげる |
| しゃべる | to talk, to chat, to chatter | |
| 語る | to talk, to tell, to recite | かたる |
| 破る | to tear, to violate, to defeat, to smash, to destroy | やぶる |
| あんなに | to that extent, to that degree | |
| 倒す | to throw down, to beat, to bring down, to blow down | たおす |
| 結ぶ | to tie, to bind, to link | むすぶ |
| 繋ぐ | to tie, to fasten, to connect, to transfer (phone call) | つなぐ |
| 触れる | to touch, to be touched, to touch on a subject, to feel, to violate (law, copyright, etc.), to perceive | ふれる |
| 譲る | to turn over, to assign, to hand over | ゆずる |
| 向ける | to turn towards, to point | むける |
| 回す | to turn, to revolve | まわす |
| 解く | to unfasten | とく |
| 外す | to unfasten, to remove | はずす |
| 用いる | to use, to make use of | もちいる |
| 眺める | to view, to gaze at | ながめる |
| 覚める | to wake, to wake up | さめる |
| 振る | to wave, to shake, to swing, to sprinkle, to cast (actor), to allocate (work) | ふる |
| 履く | to wear, to put on (lower body) | はく |
| 今日 | today, this day | こんにち |
| 札 | token, label, ticket, charm | さつ |
| 明日 | tomorrow | あした |
| とん | ton | |
| 舌 | tongue | した |
| トップ | top | |
| 頂上 | top, summit, peak | ちょうじょう |
| 話題 | topic, subject | わだい |
| 塔 | tower, pagoda | とう |
| 都市 | town, city, municipal, urban | とし |
| 街 | town, street, road | まち |
| 跡 | trace, tracks, mark, sign, remains, ruins, scar | あと |
| 跡 | trace, tracks, remains, ruins, scar | あと |
| 商売 | trade, business, commerce, transaction, occupation | しょうばい |
| 商人 | trader, shopkeeper, merchant | しょうにん |
| 伝統 | tradition, convention | でんとう |
| 信号 | traffic lights, signal, semaphore | しんごう |
| 悲劇 | tragedy | ひげき |
| 列車 | train (ordinary) | れっしゃ |
| 旅 | travel, trip, journey | たび |
| 宝 | treasure | たから |
| 裁判 | trial, judgement | さいばん |
| 試し | trial, test | ためし |
| 熱帯 | tropics | ねったい |
| 迷惑 | trouble, bother, annoyance | めいわく |
| 厄介 | trouble, burden, care, bother | やっかい |
| 面倒 | trouble, difficulty, care, attention | めんどう |
| 苦労 | troubles, hardships | くろう |
| トラック | truck, (running) track | |
| 本当 | truth, reality | ほんと |
| 調子 | tune, tone, key | ちょうし |
| 節 | tune, tone, knot, knob, point | ふし |
| トンネル | tunnel | |
| 順番 | turn (in line), order of things | じゅんばん |
| 双子 | twins, a twin | ふたご |
| 縒り | twist, ply | より |
| 典型 | type, pattern, archetypal | てんけい |
| タイプライター | typewriter | |
| 不 | un, non, negative prefix | ふ |
| 下 | under, below, beneath | げ |
| 理解 | understanding, comprehension | りかい |
| 失業 | unemployment | しつぎょう |
| とんでもない | unexpected, offensive, What a thing to say!, No way! | |
| 意外 | unexpected, surprising | いがい |
| あいにく | unfortunately, Sorry, but.... | |
| 不幸 | unhappiness, sorrow, misfortune, disaster, accident, death | ふこう |
| 思わず | unintentional, spontaneous | おもわず |
| 単位 | unit, denomination, credit (in school) | たんい |
| 宇宙 | universe, cosmos, space | うちゅう |
| 上 | upper, outer, surface | うわ |
| 騒ぎ | uproar, disturbance | さわぎ |
| 使用 | use, application, employment, utilization | しよう |
| 役 | use, service, role, position | やく |
| 中古 | used, second-hand, old | ちゅうこ |
| 駄目 | useless, no good, hopeless | だめ |
| 大抵 | usually, generally | たいてい |
| 普段 | usually, habitually, ordinarily, always | ふだん |
| 有効 | validity, availability, effectiveness | ゆうこう |
| 谷 | valley | たに |
| 評価 | valuation, estimation, assessment, evaluation | ひょうか |
| 値 | value, price, cost | ね |
| ね | value, price, cost, worth, merit | |
| 価値 | value, worth, merit | かち |
| 様々 | varied, various | |
| 種類 | variety, kind, type | しゅるい |
| 動詞 | verb | どうし |
| 幼い | very young, childish | おさない |
| なかなか | very, considerably, easily | |
| 大いに | very, much, greatly | おおいに |
| 辺り | vicinity, nearby | あたり |
| ビデオ | video | |
| 違反 | violation (of law), transgression, infringement, breach | いはん |
| 激しい | violent, vehement, intense | はげしい |
| バイオリン | violin | |
| 投票 | voting, poll | とうひょう |
| 散歩 | walk, stroll | さんぽ |
| 塀 | wall, fence | へい |
| 暖かい | warm, mild | あたたかい |
| 温暖 | warmth | おんだん |
| 警告 | warning, advice | けいこく |
| 水準 | water level, level, standard | すいじゅん |
| 波 | wave | なみ |
| 様 | way, manner, kind | よう |
| 便 | way, means | びん |
| 我々 | we | われわれ |
| 武器 | weapon, arms, ordinance | ぶき |
| 佩びる | wear, put on (sword) | おびる |
| 天候 | weather | てんこう |
| 週 | week | しゅう |
| 週間 | week, weekly | しゅうかん |
| いらっしゃい | welcome | |
| 歓迎 | welcome, reception | かんげい |
| どれ | well, now, let me see, which (of three or more) | どれ |
| さて | well, now, then | |
| よろしく | well, properly, suitably, best regards, please remember me | |
| じゃあ | well, well then | |
| 何 | what | なに |
| どんな | what, what kind of | |
| 小麦 | wheat | こむぎ |
| いずれ | where, which, who | |
| ウイスキー | whisky | |
| 一生 | whole life, a lifetime, all through life | いっしょう |
| 年中 | whole year, always, everyday | ねんじゅう |
| 全体 | whole, entirety, whatever (is the matter) | ぜんたい |
| 全然 | wholly, entirely, completely, not at all (with neg. verb) | ぜんぜん |
| 何で | Why?, What for? | なんで |
| 幅 | width, breadth | はば |
| 夫人 | wife, Mrs, madam | ふじん |
| 意志 | will, volition | いし |
| 勝ち | win, victory | かち |
| ワイン | wine | |
| 翼 | wings | つばさ |
| 知恵 | wisdom, wit, sagacity, sense, intelligence, advice | ちえ |
| 賢い | wise, clever, smart | かしこい |
| 望み | wish, desire, (a) hope | のぞみ |
| ばったり | with a clash (thud), with a bang, plump, flop | |
| 無し | without | なし |
| そのまま | without change, as it is (i.e. now) | |
| 婦人 | woman, female | ふじん |
| 女子 | woman, girl | じょし |
| 豪華 | wonderful, gorgeous, splendor, pomp, extravagance | ごうか |
| 素晴らしい | wonderful, splendid, magnificent | すばらしい |
| 単語 | word, vocabulary, (usually) single-character word | たんご |
| 働き | work, labor | はたらき |
| 作業 | work, operation, manufacturing, fatigue duty | さぎょう |
| 作品 | work, opus, performance, production | さくひん |
| 世間 | world, society | せけん |
| 心配 | worry, concern, anxiety, care | しんぱい |
| 傷 | wound, injury, hurt, cut | きず |
| 筆 | writing brush | ふで |
| 不可 | wrong, bad, improper, unjustifiable, inadvisable | ふか |
| ヨット | yacht | |
| 年間 | year | ねんかん |
| 暮れ | year end, sunset, nightfall, end | くれ |
| はあ | yes, indeed, well, ha!, what?, sight, huh? | |
| はい | yes | |
| うん | yes, yeah, uh huh | |
| 未だ | yet, still, more, besides | まだ |
| 青年 | youth, young man | せいねん |
| 男子 | youth, young man | だんし |
| 熱心 | zeal, enthusiasm | ねっしん |
